Dust hazard analysis, a crucial component for ensuring industrial safety where combustible dust is a possibility, is missing from the Factories department’s checklist for inspection of industries.
Experts have attributed the blast in the Sigachi Industries at Pashamylaram which claimed 42 lives recently to what they called, a ‘dust explosion’ due to excess temperature during the process in the dryer.
Dust hazard analysis is done to identify, analyse, and suggest mitigation measures for the risks associated with combustible dust in industries. The analysis is of importance for industries engaged in the manufacture of chemicals, metals, and pharmaceuticals.
“There is no provision for dust hazard analysis in the inspection checklist of the Factories department. This shows the superficial way of functioning by the authorities entrusted with ensuring the safety of thousands of industrial workers,” says K. Babu Rao, a retired scientist from the Indian Institute of Chemical Technology.
A Factories department’s inspection report of the Sigachi Industries in December 2024, pointed at several lapses in the factory, including a paucity of fire exits. According to the report, the number of exits from the machinery hall are insufficient. A recommendation was made for provision of the same without obstruction. Firefighting equipment was inadequate, and all the workers were not trained in firefighting. Thick rubber matting or insulation was not provided at electrical panels, and the electrical wiring was not laid in permanent conduits to prevent danger to workmen. The report remarked that loose and temporary electric wiring was found in the factory.
Personal Protective Equipment such as safety belts, helmets, safety shoes, goggles, masks, and gloves are not provided to the workers, nor was there any safety training for them. The department recommended adequate pre-employment and periodical safety training to all workers including contract and casual workers. Provision of automatic fire extinguishing appliances, fire resisting dampers, electrically interlocked with heat-sensitive/smoke detectors were some other safety recommendations.
The report also noted unsanitary conditions,the absence of a health centre and a medical officer, and even a first aid box in the factory. Inadequate washing facilities for workers, and absence of shelter/restrooms for workers too were flagged.
“The factory has existed for over 35 years, but they have not provided basic minimum facilities required for an industry. The department routinely issues inspection reports, and makes recommendations under relevant sections of the Factories Act, but does not take any action against violations,” says Mr. Babu Rao.
